Potash is finally getting a seat at the big table with other critical minerals. Once ignored, it’s now shaping debates not just in agriculture, but in trade policy and national security. No potash, no bread, no rice, no corn. Recognizing it as critical is overdue. From here on out, the conversation isn’t about farming, but food security as national security.
In August 2025, the U.S. Geological Survey recommended adding potash to the critical minerals list. Farmers didn’t need a memo. They’ve always known potassium chloride (KCI) is the engine behind food security. Policymakers, though, spent years swooning over lithium, cobalt, and rare earths. Potash was treated like wallpaper. That’s over.
Potash isn’t just another line item in fertilizer blends. Along with nitrogen and phosphate, it makes up the “big three.” It strengthens plant cells, helps crops survive dry spells, and boosts yields of corn, soybeans, rice, and wheat.
Here’s the catch: America imports more than 90% of its potash, mostly from Canada and until recently from Russia and Belarus. Calm years are rare. The last three have shown how fragile supply chains really are — sanctions, Russian outages, EU tariffs. Farmers don’t need to read the headlines. They feel it every planting season.
Global consumption is climbing from 61 million tonnes of potassium chloride in 2024 to 65 million in 2025. Some forecasts stretch demand to 118 million tonnes by 2050.
Brazil imports nearly 90%, China’s inventories are at decade lows, and India is scrambling to secure supply. None of this looks like short-term noise. Potash is now a geopolitical lever, not just a farm input.
Food and security aren’t two separate issues. Take fertilizer out, and you get smaller harvests, higher grocery bills, and political fires no government wants to face. History shows the pattern: fertilizer prices tripled in the 1970s, sparking supermarket boycotts.
The Pentagon has been warning about climate-driven food shocks for years. Think of potash the way we once thought of oil: a resource that can destabilize regions if supply dries up. Russia and Belarus control nearly 40% of exports, according to USDA's Economic Research Service. That concentration is a problem the world can’t ignore.
Cut through the clutter! We deliver the news you need to stay informed about farm, food and rural issues. Sign up for a FREE month of Agri-Pulse here.
Governments are moving. The European Parliament voted in 2025 to crank up tariffs on Russian and Belarusian potash, aiming as high as 430 euros per ton by 2028. In Washington, the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation — usually focused on lithium and rare earths — is now funding feasibility studies for African potash (DFC, 2025).
Gabon, in Central Africa, is a prime example. Already a manganese heavyweight, it’s drawing serious investment to its fertilizer sector. With Atlantic ports feeding Brazil, Africa, and the U.S., Gabon’s potash developers may soon play a pivotal role in diversifying supply.
Potash prices climbed sharply in 2025, rolling into higher farm costs and grocery bills.
The International Food Policy Research Institute warns that volatile fertilizer prices cast a “shadow on future harvests” and risk keeping food prices high, which in turn threatens food security. When farmers can’t afford inputs, harvests shrink. Nations stretch reserves to cover costly imports. Donors juggle mounting food aid demands with budgets already under strain.
Potash showing up on the draft U.S. critical minerals list is more than a technicality. It unlocks money, policy support and investor confidence. Rare earths made the same jump from industrial footnote to geopolitical chess piece. Potash is next.
Defining it as critical could spur innovation in precision agriculture, nutrient recycling, and smaller-footprint mining — tools that trim environmental damage while keeping supply steady. Fertilizer systems should be treated like ports or highways: critical infrastructure.
By 2050, global food demand could be up 56%. That means fertilizer security isn’t optional. It’s survival.
Potash now stands shoulder to shoulder with lithium, copper, and rare earths. Ignore it and the costs ripple everywhere. Recognizing it as critical was overdue. The bigger challenge is treating food security for what it truly is — national security.
Farhad Abasov is chairman of Millennial Potash, advancing the Banio Potash Project in Gabon. He is a veteran mining executive who has built and sold multiple resource companies including potash and lithium firms.